This transaction, which is expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2009, is valued at $350 million. Quanta will issue approximately 11.1 million shares of its common stock, valued at $250 million, and will pay approximately $100 million in cash, subject to adjustment, to the stockholders of Price Gregory.

This acquisition further strengthens Quanta's leadership position in the North American electric power transmission industry. The company said that Price Gregory will significantly expand the scale and scope of Quanta's existing natural gas operations and will position it to take advantage of the positive long-term outlook for the natural gas industry.

Quanta expects a substantial increase in revenues and earnings, strong margins, and significant free cash flows with the addition of Price Gregory to its portfolio. The company said that Price Gregory is expected to achieve revenues between $1.1 billion and $1.2 billion and EBITDA between $170 million and $190 million for 2009. For 2010, revenues are expected between $700 million and $900 million. This transaction is expected to add $0.13 to $0.21 per share (before amortization expenses) to Quanta's earnings in 2010.

Given the need for natural gas to meet the country's energy independence and clean energy goals, Quanta is very bullish on long-term growth opportunities in the natural gas infrastructure market. The company stated that there are currently more than 50 major pipeline projects approved or under construction in the U.S., with scope for more.

With the additional resources from Price Gregory acquisition, Quanta is confident of capitalizing on the attractive opportunities arising from the requirement for new pipeline infrastructure to transport natural gas from the newly-discovered reserves to end markets.

What is a Smart-Grid?

"Smart-grids" deliver electricity from suppliers to consumers using digital technology to save energy, reduce costs and increase reliability. Many global governments are promoting such a modernized electricity network as a means of increasing energy independence and reducing global warming issues.

An electricity grid is not a single entity but an aggregate of multiple networks and multiple power generation companies with multiple operators employing varying levels of communication and coordination, most of which are manually controlled.

Smart grids increase the connectivity, automation and coordination between suppliers, consumers and networks, which perform either long distance transmission or local distribution tasks. Transmission networks move electricity in bulk over medium-to-long distances, are actively managed, and generally operate from 400kV to 800kV over AC and DC lines.

Local networks traditionally moved power in one direction, "distributing" the bulk power to consumers and businesses via lines operating at 132kV and lower. This paradigm is changing as businesses and homes begin generating more wind and solar electricity, enabling them to sell surplus energy back to their utilities.

Efficiency Through Technology

Modernization is necessary for energy consumption efficiency; real-time management of power flows; and to provide the bi-directional metering needed to compensate local producers of power. Although transmission networks are already controlled in real-time, many in the US and European countries are antiquated by world standards, and unable to handle modern challenges such as those posed by the intermittent nature of alternative electricity generation, or continental scale bulk energy transmission.

According to Deloitte, in 2009, smart grid providers may represent one of the largest and fastest growing sectors within the "clean," green energy industry. Deloitte forecasts that electricity, as a percentage of total energy consumption, will increase from 9% in 1973 to 16% through 2009.

Additionally, they estimate that modern smart-grids offer approximately twice the efficiency, at 60%, as the average efficiency of the world's legacy electricity grids at  approximately 33%.

Finally, Deloitte estimates that the annual cost  of power outages and power quality disturbances in the U.S. approximates $180 billion.

Likewise, a recent study by the U.S. Department of Energy study estimates that smart-grid modernization of U.S. electricity grids with would save between $46 to $117 billion over the next 20 years.

Among other conclusions, Deloitte deduces through its smart-grid analysis that "[M]ajor manufacturers and utilities should explore partnerships with, and consider acquisitions of, smart energy companies."  Such is the case we now see with Duke Energy and Cisco.

Both Companies Known as Trail-Blazers

At the risk of over-stating the significance of this relationship, particularly for the traditionally staid, 100+ year old electricity industry, both Duke Energy and Cisco rank as consensus innovative leaders in their respective industries. Under terms of the agreement, Cisco seeks to develop and deliver to Duke Energy a state-of-the-art, industry-leading, end-to-end, power plant-to-customer, smart-grid network communications infrastructure.

Empirically speaking, U.S. support for smart-grid technology became federal policy with passage of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007. Subsequently, smart-grids received additional support with the passage of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, which appropriated $11 billion for the creation of a smart-grid.

Support from the Federal Government

As recently as January 2009, in his National Address, President Obama requested Congress to pass legislation including the development of new electricity "smart-grids."  On March 19, 2009, The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) issued a proposed policy statement and action plan for standards governing the development of a smart-grid. Successful progress toward national implementation of smart-grids continues.

Upon completion, the new, "internet protocol-based open standards" architecture will replace Duke's existing, antiquated analog electric grid with a long-overdue, secure digital backbone infrastructure.

The resultant smart-grid, widely thought to be replicated by other leading energy utilities, will modernize some the most outdated infrastructure in the U.S. - electricity delivery systems - with secure, reliable and efficient data, networks and communications.

The collaboration project will ultimately update the delivery to, and use of electricity by, Duke's 11 million customers served in five states: Ohio, Indiana, North Carolina, South Carolina and Kentucky. Throughout the term of the project, and in subsequent years, Duke will install large-scale new smart-grid technology, including millions of electric and natural gas "smart meters," in addition to hardware and software for distribution.

"Smart meters" replace analog mechanical meters with digital meters which record energy usage in real-time. Smart meters provide a communications pathway extending from generation plants to electrical outlets and other smart grid-enabled devices.

Manifold benefits await Duke Energy and its customers.

The proposed modernized electric grid will:

• Build an 'Energy Internet', which will enable decentralized power generation, so that customers may be both energy clients and suppliers; allow supplier selection of power consumption to offer flexibility to energy consumers;
• Integrate solar and other renewable energy sources into the electric grid;
• Encourage consumers to actively participate in operations of the grid; improve electricity delivery, improve systems efficiency and reliability, increase energy independence, decrease environmental impact, and help customers reduce their energy consumption, strengthen grid security and resist attack;
• Provide higher quality power that will save money wasted from outages;
• Incorporate two-way digital communication to detect power outages and be readily inter-operable, upgradeable and scalable to new emerging technologies.

Going forward, Cisco plans to continue to deliver products and services to support this initiative serving a growing smart grid communications infrastructure market projected by Cisco to reach $20 billion annually over the next five years.

Duke Energy maintains a Street analyst consensus recommendation with a Buy-rated bias; an average long-term EPS growth rate of 4.2%, within a range of 2.0% to 6.0%, and a target price of $15.48 per share, within a range of $14.00 to $20.00 per share.

Cisco Systems boasts a Street analyst consensus Buy rating with an average estimated long-term EPS growth rate of 10.9, within a range of 2.0% to 20.0% and an average target price of $22.38 per share, within a range of $15.00 to $30.00 per share.

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Here are highlights from Wednesday's Analyst Blog:

Ethanol Industry Consolidation

Following a period of optimism in the burgeoning ethanol industry and renewed interest in clean, green renewable energy and energy independence in the U.S., the rapid introduction of new ethanol plants is expected to continue its current phase of bankruptcies and consolidation.

So far in 2009, ten ethanol production plants filed bankruptcy, including those operated by Aventine Renewable Energy (AVRNQ) and Pacific Ethanol (PEIX).

The failures of the ethanol business model were primarily caused by the combination of high corn prices and declining prices of oil and gasoline.

In early 2009 Valero (VLO) , the crude oil refining and marketing company, purchased seven VeraSun plants in an all-cash $477 million deal.

Now, in the most recent industry development, Green Plains Renewable Energy (GPRE) purchased two ethanol plants previously owned by bankrupt VeraSun Energy (VSUNQ). The sites were purchased from a lending group led by AgStar Financial Services, which took ownership of the plants during the VeraSun bankruptcy. AgStar is partially financing the transaction with an interest bearing $16 million working capital loan.

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The electric power industry is one of the world's largest industrial segments. With a global market share of approximately 25%, the United States is the leading producer of electricity, followed by China, Japan and Russia. Total global electricity consumption volume grew at a CAGR [compound annual growth rate] of 3.1% from 1980 to 2006, the most recently available information, according to the Energy Information Administration of the United States Department of Energy.

Meanwhile, over the same period, total global installed electricity capacity increased at a slower rate of only 2.8%. Given industry forecasts of continuous increases in demand, this supply shortfall must be met by additional energy sources. Worldwide demand for electricity is expected to increase from 14.8 trillion kilowatt hours in 2003 to 27.1 trillion kilowatt-hours by 2025, according to the United States Department of Energy's International Energy Outlook. (Source: Energy Information Administration, US Department of Energy)

Investment in electric generation, transmission and distribution to meet growth in demand (excluding investment in fuel supply) is expected to be approximately $11 trillion by 2030, according to the International Energy Agency. However, the desire for energy independence, fossil fuel supply constraints, infrastructure limitations and environmental concerns all pose challenges to meeting this growing worldwide demand for electricity.

Electricity generated by burning fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas and petroleum accounts for approximately 80% of commercial power production, nuclear reactors produce approximately 9% of commercial power, 6% is contributed by conventional hydroelectric conversion, while renewable resources such as solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, and hydroelectric power generation supply the remaining 5% of commercial power.

In recent years, however, the use of renewable resources in the U.S. has been increasing in response to the growing concerns over reliance on fossil fuels. As opposed to fossil fuels, which draw on finite resources and may eventually become too expensive to retrieve, renewable resources are generally unlimited in availability. Legislation in several states seek to require power production from renewable sources to be approximately 15% of commercial electric power. Bipartisan support for weaning the U.S. off its dependency on foreign oil is led by President-elect Barack Obama's pledge to create five million new jobs by heavily investing in renewable alternative energy sources. (Sources of Electricity in the US [2006] - Energy Information Administration, US Department of Energy)

The alternative energy industry includes solar panel manufacturers and wind farm operators, as well as software designers working on "smart" power grids and electric utilities with solar, wind, hydro and/or geothermal assets. While hydroelectric power generation currently has the largest installed base, solar and wind power generation have emerged as the most rapidly growing renewable energy sources.

While wind power has a promising long-term future with frequent proposals for new wind farms, there are very few publicly traded wind power companies. In the case of ethanol, high and rising corn prices have brought ethanol stocks out of favor with investors.

Solar Energy

Solar energy can be used to convert sunlight into heat, called solar thermal energy, or directly into electricity, known as photovoltaic (PV) energy. Solar thermal applications can be distributed, such as roof-mounted systems for heating swimming pools, or can be centralized where sunlight is concentrated to heat a medium that drives a turbine to generate electricity in large scale plants.

Electricity generated from solar thermal electric power plants requires large concentrators and turbines, which are not suitable for residential locations. We refer to solar power as the use of interconnected solar cells, as opposed to solar thermal technology, to generate electricity from sunlight. The interconnected cells are packaged into solar panels, which are mounted in areas with direct exposure to the sun, such as rooftops.

Solar power technology has been used to generate electricity in space program applications for several decades and in commercial applications over the last 30 years. Increasingly, government incentive programs are accelerating the adoption of solar power. Since 2001, the global market for solar power installed capacity has grown at a compound annual growth rate of approximately 40%, driven by strong growth in Germany, Spain, and the U.S.

According to SolarBuzz (a research and consulting firm), the global solar power market, as defined by solar power system installations, generated $17.2 billion in revenue in 2007 (the most recently available information), up 56% over 2006 global revenue. Such total global solar market installation revenue is expected to be within a range of $18.7 billion to $31.4 billion by 2011. On a generation output basis, 2007 global solar cell production also increased 56% year-over-year to 3,436 megawatts (MW); meanwhile, worldwide installations grew 62% to a record high of 2,826 MW. Germany is the global leader for PV installations (1,328 MW in 2007), followed by Spain (640 MW), Japan (230 MW) and the United States (220 MW).

T. Boone Pickens & the "Pickens Army"

In President Obama's Inaugural Address on January 20, 2009, T. Boone Pickens, Texas oilman, Chairman and CEO of BP Capital and Director of Clean Energy Fuels Corp. (CLNE), along with millions of Americans, heard our new President Obama pledge to transform U.S. energy policy. Mr. Pickens is committed to this goal and believes that the president's goals are bold yet achievable.

Mr. Pickens has inspired over 1 million volunteers, known as Pickens' Army, to pressure government for a change in energy policy. In addition, his role at Clean Energy Fuels is committed to convert commercial fleet vehicles to natural gas. Clean Energy Fuels Corp. (Clean Energy) is a provider of natural gas as an alternative fuel for vehicle fleets in the United States and Canada. The Company offers a solution to enable customers to run their fleets on natural gas. It designs, builds, finances and operates fueling stations, and supplies customers with compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG).

The Obama Administration has already begun working with Congress on a stimulus plan to create more new jobs and return to economic growth by investing heavily in renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power, rebuilding the U.S. electricity transmission grid and ultimately reducing U.S. dependence on foreign oil and ending oil.

OPPORTUNITIES

Compared to other renewable energy technologies, solar power's benefits include:

• Environmental Advantage: Solar power is one of the most benign electric generation resources. Solar cells generate electricity without air or water emissions, noise, vibration, habitat impact or waste generation.
• Fuel Risk Advantage: Unlike fossil and nuclear fuels, solar energy has no risk of fuel price volatility or delivery risk. Although there is variability in the amount and timing of sunlight over the day, season and year, a properly sized and configured system can be designed to be highly reliable while providing a long-term, fixed price electric supply.
• Location Advantage: Unlike other renewable resources such as hydroelectric and wind power, solar power is generally located at a customer site due to the universal availability of sunlight. As a result, solar power limits the expense of, and energy losses associated with, transmission and distribution from large-scale electric plants to the end users. For most residential consumers seeking an environmentally friendly power alternative, solar power is the only viable choice because it can be located in urban and suburban environments.
• Retail Rate Benchmark Advantage: Unlike biomass, geothermal, hydroelectric and wind power generation, which are location-dependent and sell primarily to the wholesale market, solar power competes with retail electric rates as it is customer-sited and supplements a customer's electricity purchased at retail rates from the utility network.
• Peak Energy Generation Advantage: Solar power is well-suited to match peak energy needs as maximum sunlight hours generally correspond to typical peak demand periods when electricity prices are at their highest. These characteristics increase the value of solar power as compared to other renewable resources that do not align with peak demand periods.
• Modularity: Solar power products can be deployed in many sizes and configurations to meet the specific needs of the customer.
• Reliability: With no moving parts or regular required maintenance, solar power systems are among the most reliable forms of electricity generation.

WEAKNESSES

• The global economic crises will temper alternative energy sales and earnings growth.
• The immediate concerns over economic weakness likely takes the short-term focus off progress toward a new energy policy.
• Continued weakness in the debt and equity markets, for as long as it lasts, will raise costs of capital for firms in this emerging sector, and may prevent project financing, working capital requirements, and new research and development. Federal funding for a new energy policy will largely dry up.
• Alternative energy stock prices generally rise and fall in direct proportion to the price of crude oil. While in times of high oil prices this may also present an opportunity, it also increases volatility in the sector.

The electric power industry is one of the world's largest industrial segments. With a global market share of approximately 25%, the United States is the leading producer of electricity, followed by China, Japan and Russia. Total global electricity consumption volume grew at a CAGR [compound annual growth rate] of 3.1% from 1980 to 2006, the most recently available information, according to the Energy Information Administration of the United States Department of Energy.

Meanwhile, over the same period, total global installed electricity capacity increased at a slower rate of only 2.8%. Given industry forecasts of continuous increases in demand, this supply shortfall must be met by additional energy sources. Worldwide demand for electricity is expected to increase from 14.8 trillion kilowatt hours in 2003 to 27.1 trillion kilowatt-hours by 2025, according to the United States Department of Energy's International Energy Outlook. (Source: Energy Information Administration, US Department of Energy)

Investment in electric generation, transmission and distribution to meet growth in demand (excluding investment in fuel supply) is expected to be approximately $11 trillion by 2030, according to the International Energy Agency. However, the desire for energy independence, fossil fuel supply constraints, infrastructure limitations and environmental concerns all pose challenges to meeting this growing worldwide demand for electricity.

Electricity generated by burning fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas and petroleum accounts for approximately 80% of commercial power production, nuclear reactors produce approximately 9% of commercial power, 6% is contributed by conventional hydroelectric conversion, while renewable resources such as solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, and hydroelectric power generation supply the remaining 5% of commercial power.

In recent years, however, the use of renewable resources in the U.S. has been increasing in response to the growing concerns over reliance on fossil fuels. As opposed to fossil fuels, which draw on finite resources and may eventually become too expensive to retrieve, renewable resources are generally unlimited in availability. Legislation in several states seek to require power production from renewable sources to be approximately 15% of commercial electric power. Bipartisan support for weaning the U.S. off its dependency on foreign oil is led by President-elect Barack Obama's pledge to create five million new jobs by heavily investing in renewable alternative energy sources. (Sources of Electricity in the US [2006] - Energy Information Administration, US Department of Energy)

The alternative energy industry includes solar panel manufacturers and wind farm operators, as well as software designers working on "smart" power grids and electric utilities with solar, wind, hydro and/or geothermal assets. While hydroelectric power generation currently has the largest installed base, solar and wind power generation have emerged as the most rapidly growing renewable energy sources.

While wind power has a promising long-term future with frequent proposals for new wind farms, there are very few publicly traded wind power companies. In the case of ethanol, high and rising corn prices have brought ethanol stocks out of favor with investors.

Solar Energy

Solar energy can be used to convert sunlight into heat, called solar thermal energy, or directly into electricity, known as photovoltaic (PV) energy. Solar thermal applications can be distributed, such as roof-mounted systems for heating swimming pools, or can be centralized where sunlight is concentrated to heat a medium that drives a turbine to generate electricity in large scale plants.

Electricity generated from solar thermal electric power plants requires large concentrators and turbines, which are not suitable for residential locations. We refer to solar power as the use of interconnected solar cells, as opposed to solar thermal technology, to generate electricity from sunlight. The interconnected cells are packaged into solar panels, which are mounted in areas with direct exposure to the sun, such as rooftops.

Solar power technology has been used to generate electricity in space program applications for several decades and in commercial applications over the last 30 years. Increasingly, government incentive programs are accelerating the adoption of solar power. Since 2001, the global market for solar power installed capacity has grown at a compound annual growth rate of approximately 40%, driven by strong growth in Germany, Spain, and the U.S.

According to SolarBuzz (a research and consulting firm), the global solar power market, as defined by solar power system installations, generated $17.2 billion in revenue in 2007 (the most recently available information), up 56% over 2006 global revenue. Such total global solar market installation revenue is expected to be within a range of $18.7 billion to $31.4 billion by 2011. On a generation output basis, 2007 global solar cell production also increased 56% year-over-year to 3,436 megawatts (MW); meanwhile, worldwide installations grew 62% to a record high of 2,826 MW. Germany is the global leader for PV installations (1,328 MW in 2007), followed by Spain (640 MW), Japan (230 MW) and the United States (220 MW).

T. Boone Pickens & the "Pickens Army"

In President Obama's Inaugural Address on January 20, 2009, T. Boone Pickens, Texas oilman, Chairman and CEO of BP Capital and Director of Clean Energy Fuels Corp. (CLNE), along with millions of Americans, heard our new President Obama pledge to transform U.S. energy policy. Mr. Pickens is committed to this goal and believes that the president's goals are bold yet achievable.

Mr. Pickens has inspired over 1 million volunteers, known as Pickens' Army, to pressure government for a change in energy policy. In addition, his role at Clean Energy Fuels is committed to convert commercial fleet vehicles to natural gas. Clean Energy Fuels Corp. (Clean Energy) is a provider of natural gas as an alternative fuel for vehicle fleets in the United States and Canada. The Company offers a solution to enable customers to run their fleets on natural gas. It designs, builds, finances and operates fueling stations, and supplies customers with compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG).

The Obama Administration has already begun working with Congress on a stimulus plan to create more new jobs and return to economic growth by investing heavily in renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power, rebuilding the U.S. electricity transmission grid and ultimately reducing U.S. dependence on foreign oil and ending oil.

OPPORTUNITIES

Compared to other renewable energy technologies, solar power's benefits include:

• Environmental Advantage: Solar power is one of the most benign electric generation resources. Solar cells generate electricity without air or water emissions, noise, vibration, habitat impact or waste generation.
• Fuel Risk Advantage: Unlike fossil and nuclear fuels, solar energy has no risk of fuel price volatility or delivery risk. Although there is variability in the amount and timing of sunlight over the day, season and year, a properly sized and configured system can be designed to be highly reliable while providing a long-term, fixed price electric supply.
• Location Advantage: Unlike other renewable resources such as hydroelectric and wind power, solar power is generally located at a customer site due to the universal availability of sunlight. As a result, solar power limits the expense of, and energy losses associated with, transmission and distribution from large-scale electric plants to the end users. For most residential consumers seeking an environmentally friendly power alternative, solar power is the only viable choice because it can be located in urban and suburban environments.
• Retail Rate Benchmark Advantage: Unlike biomass, geothermal, hydroelectric and wind power generation, which are location-dependent and sell primarily to the wholesale market, solar power competes with retail electric rates as it is customer-sited and supplements a customer's electricity purchased at retail rates from the utility network.
• Peak Energy Generation Advantage: Solar power is well-suited to match peak energy needs as maximum sunlight hours generally correspond to typical peak demand periods when electricity prices are at their highest. These characteristics increase the value of solar power as compared to other renewable resources that do not align with peak demand periods.
• Modularity: Solar power products can be deployed in many sizes and configurations to meet the specific needs of the customer.
• Reliability: With no moving parts or regular required maintenance, solar power systems are among the most reliable forms of electricity generation.

WEAKNESSES

• The global economic crises will temper alternative energy sales and earnings growth.
• The immediate concerns over economic weakness likely takes the short-term focus off progress toward a new energy policy.
• Continued weakness in the debt and equity markets, for as long as it lasts, will raise costs of capital for firms in this emerging sector, and may prevent project financing, working capital requirements, and new research and development. Federal funding for a new energy policy will largely dry up.
• Alternative energy stock prices generally rise and fall in direct proportion to the price of crude oil. While in times of high oil prices this may also present an opportunity, it also increases volatility in the sector.

The electric power industry is one of the world's largest industrial segments. With a global market share of approximately 25%, the United States is the leading producer of electricity, followed by China, Japan and Russia. Total global electricity consumption volume grew at a CAGR [compound annual growth rate] of 3.1% from 1980 to 2006, the most recently available information, according to the Energy Information Administration of the United States Department of Energy.

Meanwhile, over the same period, total global installed electricity capacity increased at a slower rate of only 2.8%. Given industry forecasts of continuous increases in demand, this supply shortfall must be met by additional energy sources. Worldwide demand for electricity is expected to increase from 14.8 trillion kilowatt hours in 2003 to 27.1 trillion kilowatt-hours by 2025, according to the United States Department of Energy's International Energy Outlook. (Source: Energy Information Administration, US Department of Energy)

Investment in electric generation, transmission and distribution to meet growth in demand (excluding investment in fuel supply) is expected to be approximately $11 trillion by 2030, according to the International Energy Agency. However, the desire for energy independence, fossil fuel supply constraints, infrastructure limitations and environmental concerns all pose challenges to meeting this growing worldwide demand for electricity.

Electricity generated by burning fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas and petroleum accounts for approximately 80% of commercial power production, nuclear reactors produce approximately 9% of commercial power, 6% is contributed by conventional hydroelectric conversion, while renewable resources such as solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, and hydroelectric power generation supply the remaining 5% of commercial power.

In recent years, however, the use of renewable resources in the U.S. has been increasing in response to the growing concerns over reliance on fossil fuels. As opposed to fossil fuels, which draw on finite resources and may eventually become too expensive to retrieve, renewable resources are generally unlimited in availability. Legislation in several states seek to require power production from renewable sources to be approximately 15% of commercial electric power. Bipartisan support for weaning the U.S. off its dependency on foreign oil is led by President-elect Barack Obama's pledge to create five million new jobs by heavily investing in renewable alternative energy sources. (Sources of Electricity in the US [2006] - Energy Information Administration, US Department of Energy)

The alternative energy industry includes solar panel manufacturers and wind farm operators, as well as software designers working on "smart" power grids and electric utilities with solar, wind, hydro and/or geothermal assets. While hydroelectric power generation currently has the largest installed base, solar and wind power generation have emerged as the most rapidly growing renewable energy sources.

While wind power has a promising long-term future with frequent proposals for new wind farms, there are very few publicly traded wind power companies. In the case of ethanol, high and rising corn prices have brought ethanol stocks out of favor with investors.

Solar Energy

Solar energy can be used to convert sunlight into heat, called solar thermal energy, or directly into electricity, known as photovoltaic (PV) energy. Solar thermal applications can be distributed, such as roof-mounted systems for heating swimming pools, or can be centralized where sunlight is concentrated to heat a medium that drives a turbine to generate electricity in large scale plants.

Electricity generated from solar thermal electric power plants requires large concentrators and turbines, which are not suitable for residential locations. We refer to solar power as the use of interconnected solar cells, as opposed to solar thermal technology, to generate electricity from sunlight. The interconnected cells are packaged into solar panels, which are mounted in areas with direct exposure to the sun, such as rooftops.

Solar power technology has been used to generate electricity in space program applications for several decades and in commercial applications over the last 30 years. Increasingly, government incentive programs are accelerating the adoption of solar power. Since 2001, the global market for solar power installed capacity has grown at a compound annual growth rate of approximately 40%, driven by strong growth in Germany, Spain, and the U.S.

According to SolarBuzz (a research and consulting firm), the global solar power market, as defined by solar power system installations, generated $17.2 billion in revenue in 2007 (the most recently available information), up 56% over 2006 global revenue. Such total global solar market installation revenue is expected to be within a range of $18.7 billion to $31.4 billion by 2011. On a generation output basis, 2007 global solar cell production also increased 56% year-over-year to 3,436 megawatts (MW); meanwhile, worldwide installations grew 62% to a record high of 2,826 MW. Germany is the global leader for PV installations (1,328 MW in 2007), followed by Spain (640 MW), Japan (230 MW) and the United States (220 MW).

T. Boone Pickens & the "Pickens Army"

In President Obama's Inaugural Address on January 20, 2009, T. Boone Pickens, Texas oilman, Chairman and CEO of BP Capital and Director of Clean Energy Fuels Corp. (CLNE), along with millions of Americans, heard our new President Obama pledge to transform U.S. energy policy. Mr. Pickens is committed to this goal and believes that the president's goals are bold yet achievable.

Mr. Pickens has inspired over 1 million volunteers, known as Pickens' Army, to pressure government for a change in energy policy. In addition, his role at Clean Energy Fuels is committed to convert commercial fleet vehicles to natural gas. Clean Energy Fuels Corp. (Clean Energy) is a provider of natural gas as an alternative fuel for vehicle fleets in the United States and Canada. The Company offers a solution to enable customers to run their fleets on natural gas. It designs, builds, finances and operates fueling stations, and supplies customers with compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG).

The Obama Administration has already begun working with Congress to create more new jobs and return to economic growth by investing heavily in renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power, rebuilding the U.S. electricity transmission grid and ultimately reducing U.S. dependence on foreign oil and ending oil.

OPPORTUNITIES

Compared to other renewable energy technologies, solar power's benefits include:

Environmental Advantage: Solar power is one of the most benign electric generation resources. Solar cells generate electricity without air or water emissions, noise, vibration, habitat impact or waste generation. Fuel Risk Advantage: Unlike fossil and nuclear fuels, solar energy has no risk of fuel price volatility or delivery risk. Although there is variability in the amount and timing of sunlight over the day, season and year, a properly sized and configured system can be designed to be highly reliable while providing a long-term, fixed price electric supply.
Location Advantage: Unlike other renewable resources such as hydroelectric and wind power, solar power is generally located at a customer site due to the universal availability of sunlight. As a result, solar power limits the expense of, and energy losses associated with, transmission and distribution from large-scale electric plants to the end users. For most residential consumers seeking an environmentally friendly power alternative, solar power is the only viable choice because it can be located in urban and suburban environments.
Retail Rate Benchmark Advantage: Unlike biomass, geothermal, hydroelectric and wind power generation, which are location-dependent and sell primarily to the wholesale market, solar power competes with retail electric rates as it is customer-sited and supplements a customer's electricity purchased at retail rates from the utility network.
Peak Energy Generation Advantage: Solar power is well-suited to match peak energy needs as maximum sunlight hours generally correspond to typical peak demand periods when electricity prices are at their highest. These characteristics increase the value of solar power as compared to other renewable resources that do not align with peak demand periods. Modularity: Solar power products can be deployed in many sizes and configurations to meet the specific needs of the customer.
Reliability: With no moving parts or regular required maintenance, solar power systems are among the most reliable forms of electricity generation.

We favor companies offering photovoltaics (PV) and large-scale concentrated solar power (CSP) and nuclear systems over other forms alternative energy such as biofuels, geothermal or hydropower. Alternative energies plays such as Entergy (ETR), FPL Group (FPL), Energy Conversion Devices (ENER), Evergreen Solar (ESLR), SunPower (SPWRA), Canadian Solar (CSIQ), First Solar (FSLR), and JA Solar (JASO) appear favorable to Hoku Scientific (HOKU), Aventine Renewable (AVR) and Raser Technologies (RZ).

WEAKNESSES

The immediate concerns over economic weakness likely takes the short-term focus off progress toward a new energy policy.

Continued weakness in the debt and equity markets, for as long as it lasts, will raise costs of capital for firms in this emerging sector, and may prevent project financing, working capital requirements, and new research and development. Federal funding for a new energy policy will largely dry up.

Alternative energy stock prices generally rise and fall in direct proportion to the price of crude oil. While in times of high oil prices this may also present an opportunity, it also increases volatility in the sector. Zacks Investment Research

Industry Outlook for Alternative Energy Stocks: Speculative - Bullish

The electric power industry is one of the world's largest industrial segments. With a global market share of approximately 25%, the United States is the leading producer of electricity, followed by China, Japan and Russia. Total global electricity consumption volume grew at a CAGR [compound annual growth rate] of 3.1% from 1980 to 2006, the most recently available information, according to the Energy Information Administration of the United States Department of Energy.

Meanwhile, over the same period, total global installed electricity capacity increased at a slower rate of only 2.8%. Given industry forecasts of continuous increases in demand, this supply shortfall must be met by additional energy sources. Worldwide demand for electricity is expected to increase from 14.8 trillion kilowatt hours in 2003 to 27.1 trillion kilowatt-hours by 2025, according to the United States Department of Energy's International Energy Outlook. (Source: Energy Information Administration, US Department of Energy)

Investment in electric generation, transmission and distribution to meet growth in demand (excluding investment in fuel supply) is expected to be approximately $11 trillion by 2030, according to the International Energy Agency. However, the desire for energy independence, fossil fuel supply constraints, infrastructure limitations and environmental concerns all pose challenges to meeting this growing worldwide demand for electricity.

Electricity generated by burning fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas and petroleum accounts for approximately 80% of commercial power production, nuclear reactors produce approximately 9% of commercial power, 6% is contributed by conventional hydroelectric conversion, while renewable resources such as solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, and hydroelectric power generation supply the remaining 5% of commercial power.

In recent years, however, the use of renewable resources in the U.S. has been increasing in response to the growing concerns over reliance on fossil fuels. As opposed to fossil fuels, which draw on finite resources and may eventually become too expensive to retrieve, renewable resources are generally unlimited in availability. Legislation in several states seek to require power production from renewable sources to be approximately 15% of commercial electric power. Bipartisan support for weaning the U.S. off its dependency on foreign oil is led by President-elect Barack Obama's pledge to create five million new jobs by heavily investing in renewable alternative energy sources. (Sources of Electricity in the US [2006] - Energy Information Administration, US Department of Energy)

The alternative energy industry includes solar panel manufacturers and wind farm operators, as well as software designers working on "smart" power grids and electric utilities with solar, wind, hydro and/or geothermal assets. While hydroelectric power generation currently has the largest installed base, solar and wind power generation have emerged as the most rapidly growing renewable energy sources.

While wind power has a promising long-term future with frequent proposals for new wind farms, there are very few publicly traded wind power companies. In the case of ethanol, high and rising corn prices have brought ethanol stocks out of favor with investors.  

Solar Energy

Solar energy can be used to convert sunlight into heat, called solar thermal energy, or directly into electricity, known as photovoltaic (PV) energy. Solar thermal applications can be distributed, such as roof-mounted systems for heating swimming pools, or can be centralized where sunlight is concentrated to heat a medium that drives a turbine to generate electricity in large scale plants.

Electricity generated from solar thermal electric power plants requires large concentrators and turbines, which are not suitable for residential locations. We refer to solar power as the use of interconnected solar cells, as opposed to solar thermal technology, to generate electricity from sunlight. The interconnected cells are packaged into solar panels, which are mounted in areas with direct exposure to the sun, such as rooftops.

Solar power technology has been used to generate electricity in space program applications for several decades and in commercial applications over the last 30 years. Increasingly, government incentive programs are accelerating the adoption of solar power. Since 2001, the global market for solar power installed capacity has grown at a compound annual growth rate of approximately 40%, driven by strong growth in Germany, Spain, and the U.S.

According to SolarBuzz (a research and consulting firm), the global solar power market, as defined by solar power system installations, generated $17.2 billion in revenue in 2007 (the most recently available information), up 56% over 2006 global revenue. Such total global solar market installation revenue is expected to be within a range of $18.7 billion to $31.4 billion by 2011. On a generation output basis, 2007 global solar cell production also increased 56% year-over-year to 3,436 megawatts (MW); meanwhile, worldwide installations grew 62% to a record high of 2,826 MW. Germany is the global leader for PV installations (1,328 MW in 2007), followed by Spain (640 MW), Japan (230 MW) and the United States (220 MW).

T. Boone Pickens & the "Pickens Army"

In President Obama's Inaugural Address on January 20, 2009, T. Boone Pickens, Texas oilman, Chairman and CEO of BP Capital and Director of Clean Energy Fuels Corp. (CLNE), along with millions of Americans, heard our new President Obama pledge to transform U.S. energy policy. Mr. Pickens is committed to this goal and believes that the president's goals are bold yet achievable.

Mr. Pickens has inspired over 1 million volunteers, known as Pickens' Army, to pressure government for a change in energy policy. In addition, his role at Clean Energy Fuels is committed to convert commercial fleet vehicles to natural gas. Clean Energy Fuels Corp. (Clean Energy) is a provider of natural gas as an alternative fuel for vehicle fleets in the United States and Canada. The Company offers a solution to enable customers to run their fleets on natural gas. It designs, builds, finances and operates fueling stations, and supplies customers with compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG).

The Obama Administration has already begun working with Congress on a stimulus plan to create more new jobs and return to economic growth by investing heavily in renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power, rebuilding the U.S. electricity transmission grid and ultimately reducing U.S. dependence on foreign oil and ending oil.

OPPORTUNITIES

Compared to other renewable energy technologies, solar power's benefits include:

    
• Environmental Advantage: Solar power is one of the most benign electric generation resources. Solar cells generate electricity without air or water emissions, noise, vibration, habitat impact or waste generation.    
• Fuel Risk Advantage: Unlike fossil and nuclear fuels, solar energy has no risk of fuel price volatility or delivery risk. Although there is variability in the amount and timing of sunlight over the day, season and year, a properly sized and configured system can be designed to be highly reliable while providing a long-term, fixed price electric supply.    
• Location Advantage: Unlike other renewable resources such as hydroelectric and wind power, solar power is generally located at a customer site due to the universal availability of sunlight. As a result, solar power limits the expense of, and energy losses associated with, transmission and distribution from large-scale electric plants to the end users. For most residential consumers seeking an environmentally friendly power alternative, solar power is the only viable choice because it can be located in urban and suburban environments.
  
• Retail Rate Benchmark Advantage: Unlike biomass, geothermal, hydroelectric and wind power generation, which are location-dependent and sell primarily to the wholesale market, solar power competes with retail electric rates as it is customer-sited and supplements a customer's electricity purchased at retail rates from the utility network.    
• Peak Energy Generation Advantage: Solar power is well-suited to match peak energy needs as maximum sunlight hours generally correspond to typical peak demand periods when electricity prices are at their highest. These characteristics increase the value of solar power as compared to other renewable resources that do not align with peak demand periods.    
• Modularity: Solar power products can be deployed in many sizes and configurations to meet the specific needs of the customer.    
• Reliability: With no moving parts or regular required maintenance, solar power systems are among the most reliable forms of electricity generation.

WEAKNESSES

    
• The global economic crises will temper alternative energy sales and earnings growth.    
• The immediate concerns over economic weakness likely takes the short-term focus off progress toward a new energy policy.    
• Continued weakness in the debt and equity markets, for as long as it lasts, will raise costs of capital for firms in this emerging sector, and may prevent project financing, working capital requirements, and new research and development.  Federal funding for a new energy policy will largely dry up.    
• Alternative energy stock prices generally rise and fall in direct proportion to the price of crude oil.  While in times of high oil prices this may also present an opportunity, it also increases volatility in the sector.

The electric power industry is one of the world's largest industrial segments. With a global market share of approximately 25%, the United States is the leading producer of electricity, followed by China, Japan and Russia. Total global electricity consumption volume grew at a CAGR [compound annual growth rate] of 3.1% from 1980 to 2006, the most recently available information, according to the Energy Information Administration of the United States Department of Energy.

Meanwhile, over the same period, total global installed electricity capacity increased at a slower rate of only 2.8%. Given industry forecasts of continuous increases in demand, this supply shortfall must be met by additional energy sources. Worldwide demand for electricity is expected to increase from 14.8 trillion kilowatt hours in 2003 to 27.1 trillion kilowatt-hours by 2025, according to the United States Department of Energy's International Energy Outlook. (Source: Energy Information Administration, US Department of Energy)

Investment in electric generation, transmission and distribution to meet growth in demand (excluding investment in fuel supply) is expected to be approximately $11 trillion by 2030, according to the International Energy Agency. However, the desire for energy independence, fossil fuel supply constraints, infrastructure limitations and environmental concerns all pose challenges to meeting this growing worldwide demand for electricity.

Electricity generated by burning fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas and petroleum accounts for approximately 80% of commercial power production, nuclear reactors produce approximately 9% of commercial power, 6% is contributed by conventional hydroelectric conversion, while renewable resources such as solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, and hydroelectric power generation supply the remaining 5% of commercial power.

In recent years, however, the use of renewable resources in the U.S. has been increasing in response to the growing concerns over reliance on fossil fuels. As opposed to fossil fuels, which draw on finite resources and may eventually become too expensive to retrieve, renewable resources are generally unlimited in availability. Legislation in several states seek to require power production from renewable sources to be approximately 15% of commercial electric power. Bipartisan support for weaning the U.S. off its dependency on foreign oil is led by President-elect Barack Obama's pledge to create five million new jobs by heavily investing in renewable alternative energy sources. (Sources of Electricity in the US [2006] - Energy Information Administration, US Department of Energy)

The alternative energy industry includes solar panel manufacturers and wind farm operators, as well as software designers working on "smart" power grids and electric utilities with solar, wind, hydro and/or geothermal assets. While hydroelectric power generation currently has the largest installed base, solar and wind power generation have emerged as the most rapidly growing renewable energy sources.

While wind power has a promising long-term future with frequent proposals for new wind farms, there are very few publicly traded wind power companies. In the case of ethanol, high and rising corn prices have brought ethanol stocks out of favor with investors.

Solar Energy

Solar energy can be used to convert sunlight into heat, called solar thermal energy, or directly into electricity, known as photovoltaic (PV) energy. Solar thermal applications can be distributed, such as roof-mounted systems for heating swimming pools, or can be centralized where sunlight is concentrated to heat a medium that drives a turbine to generate electricity in large scale plants.

Electricity generated from solar thermal electric power plants requires large concentrators and turbines, which are not suitable for residential locations. We refer to solar power as the use of interconnected solar cells, as opposed to solar thermal technology, to generate electricity from sunlight. The interconnected cells are packaged into solar panels, which are mounted in areas with direct exposure to the sun, such as rooftops.

Solar power technology has been used to generate electricity in space program applications for several decades and in commercial applications over the last 30 years. Increasingly, government incentive programs are accelerating the adoption of solar power. Since 2001, the global market for solar power installed capacity has grown at a compound annual growth rate of approximately 40%, driven by strong growth in Germany, Spain, and the U.S.

According to SolarBuzz (a research and consulting firm), the global solar power market, as defined by solar power system installations, generated $17.2 billion in revenue in 2007 (the most recently available information), up 56% over 2006 global revenue. Such total global solar market installation revenue is expected to be within a range of $18.7 billion to $31.4 billion by 2011. On a generation output basis, 2007 global solar cell production also increased 56% year-over-year to 3,436 megawatts (MW); meanwhile, worldwide installations grew 62% to a record high of 2,826 MW. Germany is the global leader for PV installations (1,328 MW in 2007), followed by Spain (640 MW), Japan (230 MW) and the United States (220 MW).

T. Boone Pickens & the "Pickens Army"

In President Obama's Inaugural Address on January 20, 2009, T. Boone Pickens, Texas oilman, Chairman and CEO of BP Capital and Director of Clean Energy Fuels Corp. (CLNE), along with millions of Americans, heard our new President Obama pledge to transform U.S. energy policy. Mr. Pickens is committed to this goal and believes that the president's goals are bold yet achievable.

Mr. Pickens has inspired over 1 million volunteers, known as Pickens' Army, to pressure government for a change in energy policy. In addition, his role at Clean Energy Fuels is committed to convert commercial fleet vehicles to natural gas. Clean Energy Fuels Corp. (Clean Energy) is a provider of natural gas as an alternative fuel for vehicle fleets in the United States and Canada. The Company offers a solution to enable customers to run their fleets on natural gas. It designs, builds, finances and operates fueling stations, and supplies customers with compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG).

The Obama Administration has already begun working with Congress on a stimulus plan to create more new jobs and return to economic growth by investing heavily in renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power, rebuilding the U.S. electricity transmission grid and ultimately reducing U.S. dependence on foreign oil and ending oil.

OPPORTUNITIES

Compared to other renewable energy technologies, solar power's benefits include:

• Environmental Advantage: Solar power is one of the most benign electric generation resources. Solar cells generate electricity without air or water emissions, noise, vibration, habitat impact or waste generation.
• Fuel Risk Advantage: Unlike fossil and nuclear fuels, solar energy has no risk of fuel price volatility or delivery risk. Although there is variability in the amount and timing of sunlight over the day, season and year, a properly sized and configured system can be designed to be highly reliable while providing a long-term, fixed price electric supply.
• Location Advantage: Unlike other renewable resources such as hydroelectric and wind power, solar power is generally located at a customer site due to the universal availability of sunlight. As a result, solar power limits the expense of, and energy losses associated with, transmission and distribution from large-scale electric plants to the end users. For most residential consumers seeking an environmentally friendly power alternative, solar power is the only viable choice because it can be located in urban and suburban environments.
• Retail Rate Benchmark Advantage: Unlike biomass, geothermal, hydroelectric and wind power generation, which are location-dependent and sell primarily to the wholesale market, solar power competes with retail electric rates as it is customer-sited and supplements a customer's electricity purchased at retail rates from the utility network.
• Peak Energy Generation Advantage: Solar power is well-suited to match peak energy needs as maximum sunlight hours generally correspond to typical peak demand periods when electricity prices are at their highest. These characteristics increase the value of solar power as compared to other renewable resources that do not align with peak demand periods.
• Modularity: Solar power products can be deployed in many sizes and configurations to meet the specific needs of the customer.
• Reliability: With no moving parts or regular required maintenance, solar power systems are among the most reliable forms of electricity generation.

WEAKNESSES

• The global economic crises will temper alternative energy sales and earnings growth.
• The immediate concerns over economic weakness likely takes the short-term focus off progress toward a new energy policy.
• Continued weakness in the debt and equity markets, for as long as it lasts, will raise costs of capital for firms in this emerging sector, and may prevent project financing, working capital requirements, and new research and development. Federal funding for a new energy policy will largely dry up.
• Alternative energy stock prices generally rise and fall in direct proportion to the price of crude oil. While in times of high oil prices this may also present an opportunity, it also increases volatility in the sector.

The electric power industry is one of the world's largest industrial segments. With a global market share of approximately 25%, the United States is the leading producer of electricity, followed by China, Japan and Russia. Total global electricity consumption volume grew at a CAGR [compound annual growth rate] of 3.1% from 1980 to 2006, the most recently available information, according to the Energy Information Administration of the United States Department of Energy.

Meanwhile, over the same period, total global installed electricity capacity increased at a slower rate of only 2.8%. Given industry forecasts of continuous increases in demand, this supply shortfall must be met by additional energy sources. Worldwide demand for electricity is expected to increase from 14.8 trillion kilowatt hours in 2003 to 27.1 trillion kilowatt-hours by 2025, according to the United States Department of Energy's International Energy Outlook. (Source: Energy Information Administration, US Department of Energy)

Investment in electric generation, transmission and distribution to meet growth in demand (excluding investment in fuel supply) is expected to be approximately $11 trillion by 2030, according to the International Energy Agency. However, the desire for energy independence, fossil fuel supply constraints, infrastructure limitations and environmental concerns all pose challenges to meeting this growing worldwide demand for electricity.

Electricity generated by burning fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas and petroleum accounts for approximately 80% of commercial power production, nuclear reactors produce approximately 9% of commercial power, 6% is contributed by conventional hydroelectric conversion, while renewable resources such as solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, and hydroelectric power generation supply the remaining 5% of commercial power.

In recent years, however, the use of renewable resources in the U.S. has been increasing in response to the growing concerns over reliance on fossil fuels. As opposed to fossil fuels, which draw on finite resources and may eventually become too expensive to retrieve, renewable resources are generally unlimited in availability. Legislation in several states seek to require power production from renewable sources to be approximately 15% of commercial electric power. Bipartisan support for weaning the U.S. off its dependency on foreign oil is led by President-elect Barack Obama's pledge to create five million new jobs by heavily investing in renewable alternative energy sources. (Sources of Electricity in the US [2006] - Energy Information Administration, US Department of Energy)

The alternative energy industry includes solar panel manufacturers and wind farm operators, as well as software designers working on "smart" power grids and electric utilities with solar, wind, hydro and/or geothermal assets. While hydroelectric power generation currently has the largest installed base, solar and wind power generation have emerged as the most rapidly growing renewable energy sources.

While wind power has a promising long-term future with frequent proposals for new wind farms, there are very few publicly traded wind power companies. In the case of ethanol, high and rising corn prices have brought ethanol stocks out of favor with investors.

Solar Energy

Solar energy can be used to convert sunlight into heat, called solar thermal energy, or directly into electricity, known as photovoltaic (PV) energy. Solar thermal applications can be distributed, such as roof-mounted systems for heating swimming pools, or can be centralized where sunlight is concentrated to heat a medium that drives a turbine to generate electricity in large scale plants.

Electricity generated from solar thermal electric power plants requires large concentrators and turbines, which are not suitable for residential locations. We refer to solar power as the use of interconnected solar cells, as opposed to solar thermal technology, to generate electricity from sunlight. The interconnected cells are packaged into solar panels, which are mounted in areas with direct exposure to the sun, such as rooftops.

Solar power technology has been used to generate electricity in space program applications for several decades and in commercial applications over the last 30 years. Increasingly, government incentive programs are accelerating the adoption of solar power. Since 2001, the global market for solar power installed capacity has grown at a compound annual growth rate of approximately 40%, driven by strong growth in Germany, Spain, and the U.S.

According to SolarBuzz (a research and consulting firm), the global solar power market, as defined by solar power system installations, generated $17.2 billion in revenue in 2007 (the most recently available information), up 56% over 2006 global revenue. Such total global solar market installation revenue is expected to be within a range of $18.7 billion to $31.4 billion by 2011. On a generation output basis, 2007 global solar cell production also increased 56% year-over-year to 3,436 megawatts (MW); meanwhile, worldwide installations grew 62% to a record high of 2,826 MW. Germany is the global leader for PV installations (1,328 MW in 2007), followed by Spain (640 MW), Japan (230 MW) and the United States (220 MW).

OPPORTUNITIES

Compared to other renewable energy technologies, solar power's benefits include:

• Environmental Advantage: Solar power is one of the most benign electric generation resources. Solar cells generate electricity without air or water emissions, noise, vibration, habitat impact or waste generation.
• Fuel Risk Advantage: Unlike fossil and nuclear fuels, solar energy has no risk of fuel price volatility or delivery risk. Although there is variability in the amount and timing of sunlight over the day, season and year, a properly sized and configured system can be designed to be highly reliable while providing a long-term, fixed price electric supply.
• Location Advantage: Unlike other renewable resources such as hydroelectric and wind power, solar power is generally located at a customer site due to the universal availability of sunlight. As a result, solar power limits the expense of, and energy losses associated with, transmission and distribution from large-scale electric plants to the end users. For most residential consumers seeking an environmentally friendly power alternative, solar power is the only viable choice because it can be located in urban and suburban environments.
• Retail Rate Benchmark Advantage: Unlike biomass, geothermal, hydroelectric and wind power generation, which are location-dependent and sell primarily to the wholesale market, solar power competes with retail electric rates as it is customer-sited and supplements a customer's electricity purchased at retail rates from the utility network.
• Peak Energy Generation Advantage: Solar power is well-suited to match peak energy needs as maximum sunlight hours generally correspond to typical peak demand periods when electricity prices are at their highest. These characteristics increase the value of solar power as compared to other renewable resources that do not align with peak demand periods.
• Modularity: Solar power products can be deployed in many sizes and configurations to meet the specific needs of the customer.
• Reliability: With no moving parts or regular required maintenance, solar power systems are among the most reliable forms of electricity generation.

WEAKNESSES

• The global economic crises will temper alternative energy sales and earnings growth.
• The immediate concerns over economic weakness likely takes the short-term focus off progress toward a new energy policy.
• Continued weakness in the debt and equity markets, for as long as it lasts, will raise costs of capital for firms in this emerging sector, and may prevent project financing, working capital requirements, and new research and development. Federal funding for a new energy policy will largely dry up.
• Alternative energy stock prices generally rise and fall in direct proportion to the price of crude oil. While in times of high oil prices this may also present an opportunity, it also increases volatility in the sector.

Industry Outlook for Alternative Energy Stocks: Speculative - Bullish

The electric power industry is one of the world's largest industrial segments. With a global market share of approximately 25%, the United States is the leading producer of electricity, followed by China, Japan and Russia. Total global electricity consumption volume grew at a CAGR [compound annual growth rate] of 3.1% from 1980 to 2006, the most recently available information, according to the Energy Information Administration of the United States Department of Energy.

Meanwhile, over the same period, total global installed electricity capacity increased at a slower rate of only 2.8%. Given industry forecasts of continuous increases in demand, this supply shortfall must be met by additional energy sources. Worldwide demand for electricity is expected to increase from 14.8 trillion kilowatt hours in 2003 to 27.1 trillion kilowatt-hours by 2025, according to the United States Department of Energy's International Energy Outlook. (Source: Energy Information Administration, US Department of Energy)

Investment in electric generation, transmission and distribution to meet growth in demand (excluding investment in fuel supply) is expected to be approximately $11 trillion by 2030, according to the International Energy Agency. However, the desire for energy independence, fossil fuel supply constraints, infrastructure limitations and environmental concerns all pose challenges to meeting this growing worldwide demand for electricity.

Electricity generated by burning fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas and petroleum accounts for approximately 80% of commercial power production, nuclear reactors produce approximately 9% of commercial power, 6% is contributed by conventional hydroelectric conversion, while renewable resources such as solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, and hydroelectric power generation supply the remaining 5% of commercial power.

In recent years, however, the use of renewable resources in the U.S. has been increasing in response to the growing concerns over reliance on fossil fuels. As opposed to fossil fuels, which draw on finite resources and may eventually become too expensive to retrieve, renewable resources are generally unlimited in availability. Legislation in several states seek to require power production from renewable sources to be approximately 15% of commercial electric power. Bipartisan support for weaning the U.S. off its dependency on foreign oil is led by President-elect Barack Obama's pledge to create five million new jobs by heavily investing in renewable alternative energy sources. (Sources of Electricity in the US [2006] - Energy Information Administration, US Department of Energy)

The alternative energy industry includes solar panel manufacturers and wind farm operators, as well as software designers working on "smart" power grids and electric utilities with solar, wind, hydro and/or geothermal assets. While hydroelectric power generation currently has the largest installed base, solar and wind power generation have emerged as the most rapidly growing renewable energy sources.

While wind power has a promising long-term future with frequent proposals for new wind farms, there are very few publicly traded wind power companies. In the case of ethanol, high and rising corn prices have brought ethanol stocks out of favor with investors.  

Solar Energy

Solar energy can be used to convert sunlight into heat, called solar thermal energy, or directly into electricity, known as photovoltaic (PV) energy. Solar thermal applications can be distributed, such as roof-mounted systems for heating swimming pools, or can be centralized where sunlight is concentrated to heat a medium that drives a turbine to generate electricity in large scale plants.

Electricity generated from solar thermal electric power plants requires large concentrators and turbines, which are not suitable for residential locations. We refer to solar power as the use of interconnected solar cells, as opposed to solar thermal technology, to generate electricity from sunlight. The interconnected cells are packaged into solar panels, which are mounted in areas with direct exposure to the sun, such as rooftops.

Solar power technology has been used to generate electricity in space program applications for several decades and in commercial applications over the last 30 years. Increasingly, government incentive programs are accelerating the adoption of solar power. Since 2001, the global market for solar power installed capacity has grown at a compound annual growth rate of approximately 40%, driven by strong growth in Germany, Spain, and the U.S.

According to SolarBuzz (a research and consulting firm), the global solar power market, as defined by solar power system installations, generated $17.2 billion in revenue in 2007 (the most recently available information), up 56% over 2006 global revenue. Such total global solar market installation revenue is expected to be within a range of $18.7 billion to $31.4 billion by 2011. On a generation output basis, 2007 global solar cell production also increased 56% year-over-year to 3,436 megawatts (MW); meanwhile, worldwide installations grew 62% to a record high of 2,826 MW. Germany is the global leader for PV installations (1,328 MW in 2007), followed by Spain (640 MW), Japan (230 MW) and the United States (220 MW).

OPPORTUNITIES

Compared to other renewable energy technologies, solar power's benefits include:

    
• Environmental Advantage: Solar power is one of the most benign electric generation resources. Solar cells generate electricity without air or water emissions, noise, vibration, habitat impact or waste generation.    
• Fuel Risk Advantage: Unlike fossil and nuclear fuels, solar energy has no risk of fuel price volatility or delivery risk. Although there is variability in the amount and timing of sunlight over the day, season and year, a properly sized and configured system can be designed to be highly reliable while providing a long-term, fixed price electric supply.    
• Location Advantage: Unlike other renewable resources such as hydroelectric and wind power, solar power is generally located at a customer site due to the universal availability of sunlight. As a result, solar power limits the expense of, and energy losses associated with, transmission and distribution from large-scale electric plants to the end users. For most residential consumers seeking an environmentally friendly power alternative, solar power is the only viable choice because it can be located in urban and suburban environments.
  
• Retail Rate Benchmark Advantage: Unlike biomass, geothermal, hydroelectric and wind power generation, which are location-dependent and sell primarily to the wholesale market, solar power competes with retail electric rates as it is customer-sited and supplements a customer's electricity purchased at retail rates from the utility network.    
• Peak Energy Generation Advantage: Solar power is well-suited to match peak energy needs as maximum sunlight hours generally correspond to typical peak demand periods when electricity prices are at their highest. These characteristics increase the value of solar power as compared to other renewable resources that do not align with peak demand periods.    
• Modularity: Solar power products can be deployed in many sizes and configurations to meet the specific needs of the customer.    
• Reliability: With no moving parts or regular required maintenance, solar power systems are among the most reliable forms of electricity generation.

WEAKNESSES

    
• The global economic crises will temper alternative energy sales and earnings growth.    
• The immediate concerns over economic weakness likely takes the short-term focus off progress toward a new energy policy.    
• Continued weakness in the debt and equity markets, for as long as it lasts, will raise costs of capital for firms in this emerging sector, and may prevent project financing, working capital requirements, and new research and development.  Federal funding for a new energy policy will largely dry up.    
• Alternative energy stock prices generally rise and fall in direct proportion to the price of crude oil.  While in times of high oil prices this may also present an opportunity, it also increases volatility in the sector.

This from Taipan Publishing’s emerging markets blog:

As climate change and energy independence have headlined a number of events during the past two years of presidential campaigning, I’m happy to see alternative energy back in the investment ring.

Surprisingly, many top-notch European companies see the U.S. as a major growth region for the renewable energy business, and they are coming over in droves to set up shop.

Let’s take a look at just one of the technologies…

This from Investor’s Daily Edge:

John McCain is a practical guy. He subscribes to the “let’s try anything that works” theory. He’s willing to go with anything that weans the U.S. from Mideast oil. Nuclear, biofuels, ethanol, sun and wind, the traditional oil and gas hydrocarbons, tried and true coal and super-clean thermal and hydro energy – they’re all on table.

Throwing…

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