Smack, right up alongside the head. Your 401(k) investment program deteriorated rapidly as the stock market and the economy weakened. Who would have thought that there was so much risk of loss in those mutual funds, and ETFs? Fortunately, the pain is most often temporary, but the timing of the recovery could alter some participant retirement schedules and benefits— not to mention the hefty confiscation level retirees can count on from Uncle Sam.

The popularity of self-directed 401(k) benefit plans is understandable. Employees typically get an instant profit from generous employer matching contributions, a variety of investment products to choose from, and portability between jobs. But the benefit to employers is far greater— an easy, low-cost, employee benefit plan with virtually no responsibility for the safety of the investments, and no lifetime commitment to benefit payments. In some instances though, employees are required

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by Daniel Beckett
An Individual Retirement Account, or IRA, is a retirement plan that provides tax advantages for retirement savings within United States tax law. Unlike 401k plans, which must be provided by an employer, IRAs can also be created by an individual. Aside from one specific type, IRAs contributions are made before tax.

Types of Individual Retirement Accounts

Different types of IRAs work in different ways. Traditional IRAs have no real distinguishing characteristics. Roth IRAs are perhaps the most different in intent, as the funds are taxed before contribution, allowing tax free withdrawals later in life.

SEP IRAs are generally offered by small businesses or self-employed indivuals. SIMPLE IRAs are more similar to 401(k) plans than other IRAs, though they have lower contribution limits and simplified administration. Self-Directed IRAs allow the holder to manage the fund themselves, rather than appointing a manager.

Though there were once …